San Marino is a small, independent republic located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe. The country has a population of approximately 32,000 people and an area of just over 61 square kilometers. San Marino is one of the smallest sovereign states in the world. It has been self-governing since its inception in 1600, and is currently ruled by a monarchy. San Marino is considered a haven for tax dodgers and has avoided being taken over by Italy or Germany. The government of San Marino relies heavily on income from taxes levied on tourism and gambling.